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Jorge Guillén y Álvarez ((:ˈxoɾxe ɣiˈʎen); 18 January 1893 – 6 February 1984) was a Spanish poet, a member of the Generation of '27, as well as a university teacher, scholar and literary critic. In 1957-8 he delivered the Charles Eliot Norton lectures at Harvard University. These were published in 1961 under the title ‘’Language and Poetry: Some Poets of Spain.’’ The final lecture was a tribute to his colleagues in the Generation of ’27. In 1983, he was named Hijo Predilecto de Andalucía. ==Biography== Jorge Guillén was born in Valladolid where he spent his childhood and adolescence. From 1909 to 1911 he lived in Switzerland. He studied at the universities of Madrid – lodging in the Residencia de Estudiantes – and Granada, where he took his ''licenciatura'' in philosophy in 1913.〔Connell p 168〕 His life paralleled that of his friend Pedro Salinas, whom he succeeded as a Spanish ''lector'' at the Collège de Sorbonne in the University of Paris from 1917 to 1923. While in Paris, he met and, in 1921, married Germaine Cahen. They had two children, a son Claudio born in 1924 who became a noted critic and scholar of comparative literature, and a daughter Teresa who married the Harvard professor Stephen Gilman. He took his doctorate at the University of Madrid in 1924 with a dissertation on Góngora's notoriously difficult and, at that time, neglected long poem Polifemo.〔Havard p 18〕 This was also the period when his first poems were starting to be published in ''España'' and ''La pluma''.〔Connell p 168〕 He was appointed to the chair of Spanish Literature at the University of Murcia from 1925 to 1929, where, with Juan Guerrero Ruiz and José Ballester Nicolás, he founded and edited a literary magazine called ''Verso y Prosa''. He continued to visit the Residencia de Estudiantes although his academic responsibilities limited his attendance to vacations. This allowed him to make the acquaintance of the younger members of the Generation – such as Rafael Alberti and Federico Garcia Lorca. He became a regular correspondent of the latter and, on the occasion of a visit by Lorca to the Arts Club of Valladolid in April 1926, Guillén delivered an introduction to a poetry reading which was a considered and sympathetic appraisal of a man whom he considered to be already a poetic genius, although he had only published one collection.〔Gibson p 162〕 He also participated in the Tercentenary celebrations in honour of Góngora. The volume of ''Octavas'' that he was supposed to edit, however, was never completed but he did give a reading of some of his own poems at an event in Seville with great success.〔Alberti p 254〕 He became the ''lector'' at Oxford University from 1929 to 1931, and was appointed to a professorship at the University of Seville in 1932. On 8 March 1933, he was present at the premiere in Madrid of García Lorca's play ''Bodas de sangre''.〔Gibson p348〕 In August 1933, he was able to attend performances at the Magdalena Palace in Santander by the travelling theatre company ''La Barraca'' that Lorca led.〔Gibson p359〕 On 12 July 1936 he was present at a party in Madrid that took place just before García Lorca departed to Granada for the last time before his murder. It was there that Lorca read his new play ''La Casa de Bernarda Alba'' for the last time.〔Gibson p442〕 On the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War in July 1936 he was back in Valladolid and was briefly imprisoned in Pamplona for political reasons.〔Havard p 67〕 He returned to his post in Seville and continued there until July 1938, when he decided to go into exile in the USA together with his wife and two teenage children. Apart from the turmoil in Spain itself, the fact that his wife was Jewish might have caused him concern.〔Havard p 67〕 He joined Salinas at Wellesley College and stayed there as the Professor of Spanish from 1941 to his retirement in 1957.〔(Jorge Guillen Is Dead at 91; A Spanish Poet and Teacher - New York Times )〕 He retired to Italy. In 1958 in Florence he married Irene Mochi-Sismondi, his first wife having died in 1947. He continued to give lectures at Harvard, Princeton and Puerto Rico, and for a spell was Mellon Professor of Spanish at the University of Pittsburgh, until he broke his hip in a fall in 1970. In 1976 he moved to the city of Málaga. In 1976, he was awarded the Premio Cervantes, the most prestigious prize for Spanish-language writers, and in 1977 the Premio Internacional Alfonso Reyes. He died in Málaga in 1984, aged 91 and was buried in the Anglican Cemetery of Saint George. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Jorge Guillén」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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